{"id":434,"date":"2025-05-12T07:12:03","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T07:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/?page_id=434"},"modified":"2025-05-12T07:29:41","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T07:29:41","slug":"astm-d202","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/astm-d202","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D202"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"434\" class=\"elementor elementor-434\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e87c6b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e87c6b2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d087c52 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d087c52\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9f31fd elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d9f31fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-436\" alt=\"ASTM D202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202-300x100.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202-18x6.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60fbb6b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60fbb6b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e3633c elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e3633c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation<br>SURFACE FRICTION<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a73bac6 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a73bac6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"394\" data-end=\"1054\">Accurately assessing the surface properties of electrical insulation paper is vital for ensuring consistent performance in demanding applications. <strong data-start=\"541\" data-end=\"554\">ASTM D202<\/strong>, the Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation, provides a comprehensive guideline for measuring the <strong data-start=\"708\" data-end=\"747\">slide angle coefficient of friction<\/strong>\u2014a critical factor in the paper\u2019s handling, especially in high-speed processing environments.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0364755 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0364755\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f673fbc elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f673fbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Importance of ASTM D202 in Paper Testing<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-156f03e elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"156f03e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1107\" data-end=\"1318\">ASTM D202 focuses on untreated electrical insulation paper used in apparatus such as motors, transformers, and cables. Among several mechanical tests, <strong data-start=\"1258\" data-end=\"1278\">surface friction<\/strong> testing holds particular significance.<\/p><p class=\"\" data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1358\">Frictional properties directly impact:<\/p><ul><li data-start=\"1361\" data-end=\"1411\">Tape winding efficiency during insulation assembly<\/li><li data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1440\">Ease of conductor wrapping<\/li><li data-start=\"1443\" data-end=\"1490\">Mechanical integrity during bending and folding<\/li><li data-start=\"1493\" data-end=\"1539\">Slip resistance during processing and stacking<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"1541\" data-end=\"1669\">Poorly controlled friction can result in <strong data-start=\"1582\" data-end=\"1595\">wrinkling<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1597\" data-end=\"1613\">misalignment<\/strong>, or <strong data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1638\">material failure<\/strong> during insulation application.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38e9bd9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38e9bd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Testing Procedure: Untreated Paper COF Test<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a43e8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b4a43e8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-949eee6 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"949eee6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2505\" data-end=\"2563\">To perform the <strong data-start=\"2520\" data-end=\"2548\">untreated paper COF test<\/strong> per ASTM D202:<\/p><ol><li data-start=\"2568\" data-end=\"2683\"><strong data-start=\"2568\" data-end=\"2589\">Prepare specimens<\/strong>: Cut samples in machine direction (MD) \u2013 63 mm \u00d7 170 mm for block; 200 mm \u00d7 250 mm for plane.<\/li><li data-start=\"2687\" data-end=\"2783\"><strong data-start=\"2687\" data-end=\"2710\">Condition the paper<\/strong>: Follow ASTM and TAPPI guidelines to stabilize moisture and temperature.<\/li><li data-start=\"2787\" data-end=\"2874\"><strong data-start=\"2787\" data-end=\"2805\">Attach samples<\/strong>: Smoothly apply paper onto the inclined plane and the sliding block.<\/li><li data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"2896\"><strong data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"2895\">Begin testing<\/strong>:<\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li data-start=\"2902\" data-end=\"2958\">Place block at plane base and begin tilting the surface.<\/li><li data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"3016\">Lightly tap to initiate movement as angle increases.<\/li><li data-start=\"3022\" data-end=\"3088\">Final friction angle is recorded once the block slides unassisted.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"3090\" data-end=\"3189\">Multiple measurements ensure statistical reliability, with the <strong data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3179\">average friction angle<\/strong> reported.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e43e1f1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"e43e1f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=Vn7UkJVWEC8&amp;list=PLsDmI6vEjk0WTw0amtBo5ivnyoX_33goI&amp;index=1&amp;pp=iAQB&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;play_on_mobile&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d958da e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9d958da\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5055911 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5055911\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Slide Angle Coefficient of Friction Tester in ASTM D202<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0424cfa e-con-full e-grid e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0424cfa\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a290580 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a290580\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cac45b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7cac45b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1737\" data-end=\"1999\">The <strong data-start=\"1741\" data-end=\"1787\">slide angle coefficient of friction tester<\/strong> plays a central role in ASTM D202. The test evaluates how one piece of untreated paper slides over another or over smooth surfaces like metal, which simulates actual handling conditions in electrical insulation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02517ec elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02517ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Test Apparatus Highlights:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38c9c0f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38c9c0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li data-start=\"2034\" data-end=\"2122\"><strong data-start=\"2034\" data-end=\"2053\">Inclined Plane:<\/strong> Adjustable between 0\u00b0 and 30\u00b0, surfaced with smooth, rigid material.<\/li><li data-start=\"2125\" data-end=\"2213\"><strong data-start=\"2125\" data-end=\"2143\">Sliding Block:<\/strong> 235 g \u00b1 10 g, hardwood with rounded edges, used to hold the specimen.<\/li><li data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2313\"><strong data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2247\">Friction Angle Measurement:<\/strong> Angle is recorded when the block slides without external tapping.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"2315\" data-end=\"2449\">The <strong data-start=\"2319\" data-end=\"2334\">slide angle<\/strong> directly correlates to the <strong data-start=\"2362\" data-end=\"2396\">static coefficient of friction<\/strong>, calculated using the tangent of the measured angle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a3fc5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3a3fc5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5aa253 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f5aa253\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-436\" alt=\"ASTM D202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202-300x100.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ASTM-D202-18x6.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e1f2e3 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9e1f2e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/coefficient-of-friction-testing-equipment\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Inclined-Plane-Coefficient-of-Friction-Tester-02-r3gradsbucsajlkptro0k9osom1smq3i9118z6ksx4.webp\" title=\"Inclined Plane Coefficient of Friction Tester 02\" alt=\"Inclined Plane Coefficient of Friction Tester 02\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7106d9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f7106d9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-694940d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"694940d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ea1c6c e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ea1c6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6ee6d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f6ee6d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why Friction Testing Matters<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-663e3cc elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"663e3cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3315\">The friction between untreated papers or between paper and winding metals influences:<\/p><ul><li data-start=\"3318\" data-end=\"3339\">Tape feed reliability<\/li><li data-start=\"3342\" data-end=\"3368\">Wrapping speed consistency<\/li><li data-start=\"3371\" data-end=\"3407\">Prevention of overlapping or tearing<\/li><li data-start=\"3410\" data-end=\"3455\">Safety and performance of insulated equipment<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"3457\" data-end=\"3666\">By using ASTM D202, manufacturers and quality control engineers gain a <strong data-start=\"3528\" data-end=\"3552\">quantifiable measure<\/strong> of paper frictional performance, enabling them to meet customer specifications and optimize production processes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0586e5 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b0586e5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9046cc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f9046cc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4f0b8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c4f0b8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Applications Across Industries<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2186d6f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2186d6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4404\" data-end=\"4463\">The ASTM D202 COF testing method benefits multiple sectors:<\/p><ul><li data-start=\"4466\" data-end=\"4543\"><strong data-start=\"4466\" data-end=\"4490\">Electrical equipment<\/strong>: Ensures safety and durability of insulation layers.<\/li><li data-start=\"4546\" data-end=\"4623\"><strong data-start=\"4546\" data-end=\"4559\">Packaging<\/strong>: Helps select papers that won\u2019t shift or slide during shipment.<\/li><li data-start=\"4626\" data-end=\"4706\"><strong data-start=\"4626\" data-end=\"4651\">Textile and adhesives<\/strong>: Verifies the material\u2019s grip and bonding interaction.<\/li><li data-start=\"4709\" data-end=\"4790\"><strong data-start=\"4709\" data-end=\"4732\">Paper manufacturing<\/strong>: Supports process optimization based on surface behavior.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"4792\" data-end=\"4886\">Whether in R&amp;D or production, understanding and controlling <strong data-start=\"4852\" data-end=\"4872\">surface friction<\/strong> is essential.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ffb8af e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ffb8af\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8176736 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8176736\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cell Instruments COF-03<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdc8801 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cdc8801\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d5d6b7 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d5d6b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3726\" data-end=\"3950\">For precise and efficient execution of ASTM D202, <strong data-start=\"3776\" data-end=\"3830\">Cell Instruments&#8217; COF-03 Inclined Plane COF Tester<\/strong> is a top-tier choice. Designed specifically to evaluate the <strong data-start=\"3891\" data-end=\"3930\">slide angle coefficient of friction<\/strong>, the COF-03 offers:<\/p><ul><li data-start=\"3954\" data-end=\"3992\"><strong data-start=\"3954\" data-end=\"3992\">High measurement accuracy (\u00b10.01\u00b0)<\/strong><\/li><li data-start=\"3995\" data-end=\"4031\"><strong data-start=\"3995\" data-end=\"4031\">PLC-controlled automatic lifting<\/strong><\/li><li data-start=\"4034\" data-end=\"4078\"><strong data-start=\"4034\" data-end=\"4078\">Real-time friction angle and COF display<\/strong><\/li><li data-start=\"4081\" data-end=\"4127\"><strong data-start=\"4081\" data-end=\"4127\">Versatile sled options (200g, 235g, 1300g)<\/strong><\/li><li data-start=\"4130\" data-end=\"4177\"><strong data-start=\"4130\" data-end=\"4177\">Compliance with ASTM D202, TAPPI T815, T548<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"\" data-start=\"4179\" data-end=\"4361\">Professionals in <strong data-start=\"4196\" data-end=\"4241\">electrical insulation paper manufacturing<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"4243\" data-end=\"4264\">quality assurance<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"4270\" data-end=\"4303\">material testing laboratories<\/strong> rely on the COF-03 for its repeatability and ease of use.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f167249 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f167249\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Inclined-Plane-Coefficient-of-Friction-Tester-01.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-120\" alt=\"Inclined Plane Coefficient of Friction Tester 01\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Inclined-Plane-Coefficient-of-Friction-Tester-01.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Inclined-Plane-Coefficient-of-Friction-Tester-01-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Inclined-Plane-Coefficient-of-Friction-Tester-01-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d2c64c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6d2c64c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c394047 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c394047\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FAQs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b484e06 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"b484e06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;multiple&quot;,&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1890\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1890\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. What is the purpose of ASTM D202? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1890\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dda86b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4dda86b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1ee56f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1ee56f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ASTM D202 defines methods for testing untreated paper used in electrical insulation, focusing on properties like surface friction to ensure reliable application.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1891\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1891\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 2. Why is surface friction important in electrical insulation paper? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1891\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4213cd7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4213cd7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5cb0ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5cb0ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Friction affects how the paper wraps around conductors, its behavior during bending, and performance in tape-wrapping equipment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1892\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1892\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 3. What equipment is used for the slide angle COF test? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1892\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cbaf70 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8cbaf70\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed707d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed707d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A precise inclined plane, sliding block, and angle measurement device are used, such as those featured in Cell Instruments\u2019 COF-03 tester.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1893\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1893\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 4. How is the coefficient of friction calculated in ASTM D202? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1893\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-271e84b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"271e84b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6f9b16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e6f9b16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is the tangent of the angle at which the paper starts to slide on the inclined plane without external force.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1894\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1894\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 5. Who benefits from ASTM D202 testing? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1894\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff51f51 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff51f51\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69dfbb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69dfbb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Manufacturers of electrical insulation, quality assurance professionals, and testing labs all use ASTM D202 to ensure material compliance and performance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Untreated Paper Used for Electrical InsulationSURFACE FRICTION Accurately assessing the surface properties of electrical insulation paper is vital for ensuring consistent performance in demanding applications. ASTM D202, the Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation, provides a comprehensive guideline for measuring the slide angle coefficient of friction\u2014a critical factor [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-434","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=434"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":712,"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/434\/revisions\/712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.coefficientfriction.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}